Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a type of inflammation that damages the tubules and interstitial tissue in your kidneys. Symptoms may develop suddenly, or you may never have any at all. Treatment involves avoiding or treating the cause, and you may also need corticosteroids to help manage inflammation.
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Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TOO-byuh-lo-in-ter-STISH-uhl nuh-FRAYH-tis) is a type of kidney disease. It causes inflammation and damage to your kidneys. It affects the small tubes (tubules) and surrounding tissues (interstitial tissue) in your kidneys. But it doesn’t affect the tiny blood vessels (glomeruli) that remove waste and extra fluid from your blood. Waste and extra fluid eventually leave your body in your urine (pee). So, tubulointerstitial nephritis may not be as severe as other kidney diseases that affect your glomeruli if you get a quick diagnosis and treatment.
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Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy
Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a big name. But breaking it down can help you understand how it affects your body:
Without treatment, TIN often causes chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure.
There are two different types of tubulointerstitial nephritis. They develop at different times:
The signs and symptoms of tubulointerstitial nephritis depend on the type you have. Some people might not have any symptoms, or the symptoms may take a long time to appear. For others, symptoms develop quickly.
Acute TIN symptoms may include:
Chronic TIN symptoms typically include kidney failure symptoms, including:
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Acute TIN causes include:
A kidney transplant rejection can also cause TIN.
Some chronic TIN causes include:
Some of the most common drugs that cause acute TIN include:
Anyone can get tubulointerstitial nephritis. But you’re more likely to get TIN if you have a:
Tubulointerstitial nephritis may continue to get worse. This can eventually lead to kidney failure (end-stage renal disease). Kidney failure treatment includes dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Healthcare providers can use kidney function tests to look for signs of kidney damage. These are blood tests and urine tests (urinalysis) that determine how well your kidneys function.
In many cases, the presence of kidney damage symptoms is enough for healthcare providers to determine that something is affecting your kidneys and you need treatment. But the only way to know for sure that tubulointerstitial nephritis is causing kidney damage is to get a kidney biopsy. During a kidney biopsy, a provider removes a small sample of your kidney tissue and examines it under a microscope.
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Tubulointerstitial nephritis treatment includes avoiding or treating the cause. A healthcare provider may prescribe corticosteroids to help manage inflammation if your symptoms don’t improve within a week.
Providers may also recommend ways to preserve your kidney function. They may advise you to:
If you have tubulointerstitial nephritis, you can restore kidney function if you get a prompt diagnosis and treatment. Without treatment, TIN may cause permanent kidney damage.
Getting a tubulointerstitial nephritis diagnosis as soon as possible helps prevent permanent kidney damage that can lead to kidney failure. Contact a healthcare provider if you:
Make sure to schedule regular appointments with a kidney specialist if you receive a TIN diagnosis. They can monitor your kidney health.
Your outlook depends on many things, including:
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Many people have improved kidney function once they stop taking the medication that causes TIN or a healthcare provider treats the underlying cause. Though even with treatment, chronic TIN can eventually cause kidney failure.
Scheduling annual appointments with a healthcare provider throughout your life is a good way to help monitor your kidney health and prevent tubulointerstitial nephritis, especially if you’re at a greater risk of getting TIN.
You can also take care of your kidneys by:
No. Pyelonephritis is another name for a kidney infection. But pyelonephritis can cause tubulointerstitial nephritis.
Hearing you have a kidney disease can be a shock. It can feel like you don’t even have time to process your diagnosis before you must review your health history, schedule more tests or make appointments with specialists. It’s important to get treatment as soon as possible. But it’s OK to pause so you can reflect on your feelings and learn about tubulointerstitial nephritis.
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Some cases of TIN are mild — you can make a full recovery without any permanent damage to your kidneys just by avoiding or treating the underlying cause. Others are more serious, and you may need to manage the kidney damage for the rest of your life. But it’s possible to manage TIN effectively while maintaining a fulfilling life and enjoying quality time with friends and family.
Talk to a healthcare provider if you have any questions or notice any changes in your symptoms.
If you have a condition that’s affecting your kidneys, you want experts by your side. At Cleveland Clinic, we’ll work with you to craft a personalized treatment plan.
Last reviewed on 05/28/2025.
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