Erectile dysfunction, commonly referred to as ED, is the inability to achieve and sustain an erection suitable for sexual intercourse. This condition is not considered normal at any age and is different from other problems that interfere with sexual intercourse, such as lack of sexual desire and problems with ejaculation and orgasm.
How common is ED?
It is estimated that about 1 in 10 adult males suffer from ED on a long-term basis.
A much more common problem that affects the majority of men at some point in their life is the occasional failure to achieve an erection, which can occur for a variety of reasons, such as from drinking too much alcohol or from being extremely tired.
Failure to achieve an erection less than 20% of the time is not unusual and treatment is rarely needed. Failure to achieve an erection more than 50% of the time, however, generally indicates that there is a problem requiring treatment.
Is erectile dysfunction a normal part of aging?
No. ED doesn't have to be a part of getting older.While it is true that older men may need more stimulation (such as stroking and touching) to achieve an erection, they should still be able to get an erection and enjoy sex.
What causes ED?
In order to achieve an erection, three conditions must occur: 1) the nerves to the penis must be functioning properly; 2) the blood circulation to the penis must be adequate; 3) there must be a stimulus from the brain. If there is something interfering with any or all of these conditions, a full erection will be prevented.
Common causes of ED include diseases that affect blood flow, such as atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and diabetes; nerve diseases (such as multiple sclerosis); psychological factors, such as stress, depression, and performance anxiety; and injury to the penis. Chronic illness, certain medications, and a condition called Peyronie's disease (scar tissue in the penis) can also cause ED. Operations for prostate, bladder, and colon cancer are also common causes.
Can ED be prevented?
For people who are at risk of developing ED due to personal behavior, steps may be taken to try to prevent its occurrence. However, other causes of ED may not be preventable.
What doctors treat erectile dysfunction?
The type of medical specialist who treats ED will depend on the cause of the problem. Based on your family's medical history as well as your own medical history and current health, your doctor may treat you with oral medications (Viagra, Levitra, Cialis). If this fails, he or she may refer you to a urologist or a specialist in sexual dysfunction (i.e., a psychologist).
What should I do if I am having problems achieving/maintaining an erection?
If you suspect you may have erectile dysfunction, see your doctor. He or she can perform a variety of tests to identify what is causing your problem and refer you to a specialist if needed. Once the cause is pinpointed, there are several treatments to consider.
How is erectile dysfunction treated?
There are many different ways ED can be treated, including: oral medications, sex therapy, penile injections, vacuum devices, intraurethral medication, and surgery. Each type of treatment has its own advantages and disadvantages. Talk to your doctor to determine the best treatment for you.
Does insurance cover ED treatment?
Insurance coverage of ED depends upon the type of treatment prescribed and whether your insurance covers sexual dysfunction at all. If there is a documented medical condition that is shown to be causing ED, insurance may cover at least some of it. Sex therapy and medications that have not yet been approved by the FDA, however, are generally not covered. Along with sexual therapy and medications not approved by the FDA, Medicaid does not cover vacuum constriction devices or penile implants. Talk to your insurance provider to determine if the treatment you are considering will be covered.
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This information is provided by the Cleveland Clinic and is not intended to replace the medical advice of your doctor or health care provider. Please consult your health care provider for advice about a specific medical condition. This document was last reviewed on: 3/10/2005...#10035
