Pediatric gynecology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the gynecologic care of infants, children and adolescents. Young people have specialized needs compared to adults. Pediatric and adolescent gynecologists have specialized training that helps them diagnose and treat conditions involving the female reproductive system in this group.
Pediatric and adolescent gynecology (PAG) is a subspecialty of gynecology. Pediatricians trained in adolescent medicine also have special training in PAG. Specialists in PAG provide reproductive healthcare to infants, children and adolescents. This includes care dealing with vaginal pain or rashes, disorders of development and the female reproductive system. The female reproductive system includes the internal and external organs that are responsible for fertility, menstruation and sexual activity.
Babies, children and adolescents have different medical needs than adults do. PAG specialists receive specialized training to provide empathetic, comprehensive healthcare to this age group.
After medical school, physicians in this area first complete a residency program in obstetrics and gynecology or pediatrics. Then, if they trained in obstetrics and gynecology, they complete a PAG fellowship training program. If they trained in pediatrics, they complete a fellowship in adolescent medicine to become PAG experts in everything medical, leaving the surgical to the PAG gynecologists. A PAG or adolescent medicine fellowship trains physicians to:
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The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommends that your child’s first pediatric gynecology exam take place between the ages of 13 and 15.
However, babies, children and adolescents may see a PAG specialist (adolescent medicine or pediatric gynecologist) at any time. Young children are especially prone to certain injuries and infections. This is because their tissues lack estrogen. Providers use special equipment and instruments in examining and treating young children. In addition, exams take place in a reassuring, nonthreatening environment.
At your child’s first gynecology exam, they’ll have the chance to meet and get comfortable with their adolescent medicine provider or gynecologist. A person’s first visit should be a positive experience. This meeting will allow your child to have an open and honest conversation with their provider and form a relationship.
The first appointment is mostly about education. Your child’s adolescent medicine specialist or gynecologist will:
The provider may perform a visual exam of your child’s breasts and external genitals. They usually won’t perform an internal exam at the first visit, unless there’s a specific reason for it.
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After your child’s initial gynecology appointment, they may begin seeing their provider regularly. At a routine appointment, your child may:
Gynecologic problems can arise at any age. Often, conditions are related to menstruation, including:
Children and adolescents may receive treatment for various other conditions, including:
Children and adolescents with the following health conditions would benefit from seeing a pediatric and adolescent gynecologist rather than an adolescent medicine specialist:
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Management and treatment will depend on your child’s condition. Your child’s provider may recommend a “wait-and-see” approach for certain issues. They may need to perform procedures to evaluate an issue further. Other conditions need specific treatment. Treatments and procedures may include:
A note from Cleveland Clinic
Adolescent medicine and pediatric gynecology manages the health of the female reproductive system of babies, children and adolescents. It’s a good idea to have your child meet with an adolescent medicine specialist or pediatric gynecologist between the ages of 13 and 15. At this time, they can become familiar with their provider and feel comfortable seeking vital healthcare in the future.
If your child has any gynecologic issues, keep in mind they won’t go away on their own and your child won’t outgrow them. An adolescent medicine specialist can help manage medical conditions of your child’s reproductive tract, and a pediatric gynecologist can diagnose and treat any surgical issues of the reproductive tract affecting your child.
Last reviewed on 01/05/2023.
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Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy