Pediatric Oncologist

What is a pediatric oncologist?

A pediatric oncologist is a doctor who specializes in childhood cancer. Pediatric oncologists study, diagnose and treat cancer in babies, children, teenagers and young adults. They also frequently treat blood disorders (pediatric hematologists). Pediatric hematologists/oncologists manage a wide range of pediatric cancers and blood diseases, including:

• Blood cancers, like leukemia and lymphoma
• Brain tumors, like gliomas and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
• Solid tumors, like bone cancer and Wilms tumor
• Bleeding disorders, like hemophilia
• Blood clotting disorders, like factor V Leiden

Cancers in children are different from those in adults. And some cancers are more common in children. Pediatric oncologists know your child is still growing and developing, and that they have unique medical needs. They have special training in examining and treating children. They also know your child may be scared or nervous — and know how to make your child feel comfortable and relaxed. They focus on the wants and needs of children, often making treatment areas more inviting.

Pediatric hematologists/oncologists do more than diagnose and treat your child’s disease. These doctors provide complete care for your child and your family. They look for the best medical treatment options available for your child. But they also coordinate emotional support during your most difficult days. They’ll put together a team that may include:

• A child life specialist
• A child psychologist
• Art and music therapists

This team will be with you every step of the way.

What do pediatric oncologists do?

Pediatric oncologists do many of the same things that adult oncologists do. They:

• Perform physical exams
• Order lab work, biopsies and imaging tests
• Diagnose cancers and blood disorders
• Put together treatment plans
• Provide cancer treatments
• Work with other medical specialists
• Help your child with the side effects of chemotherapy
• Guide you and your family through the treatment process

Where do pediatric hematologists/oncologists work?

You may see pediatric hematologists/oncologists in a wide range of settings, including:

• Children’s hospitals
• University medical centers
• Large community hospitals
• Outpatient medical offices

My head is spinning, so what questions should I ask my child’s healthcare provider?

You may have thoughts and worries racing through your mind. You’re not alone. Here are some questions you may want to take with you when you see your child’s pediatric oncologist:

• What treatment do you recommend for this type of cancer?
• What are the side effects of this treatment?
• Are there any clinical trials available?
• How do I take care of my child during treatment?
• What kind of support groups and resources are available?
• What’s the survival rate for children with this diagnosis?

How many years does it take to become a pediatric oncologist?

It takes 14 to 16 years to become a pediatric hematologist/oncologist. You must have a bachelor’s degree (four years) and get a medical degree (four years). After medical school, you’ll need to do a residency in pediatrics (three years). Finally, you must complete a fellowship in pediatric hematology/oncology (at least three years). After that, you can apply for certification from the American Board of Pediatrics.