Sports

Shoulder Instability Repair

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures 1 Year After Primary Unilateral Shoulder Instability Repair from the Prospective OME Cohort

2021-2022 (N = 165, 50.6% follow-up)

In 2021, 24 distinct surgeons performed primary unilateral shoulder instability repair surgery on 165 patients at specific sites where the prospective Cleveland Clinic OME Cohort was active. Of these patients, 92.7% completed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at baseline and 50.6% followed up at 1 year. The average patient age was 24.3 years and 74% were male.

76.5% of patients experienced improvement in overall shoulder pain, function, and satisfaction after one year with a median absolute improvement of 21.0 points. This was measured by the Penn Shoulder Score¹ (PSS) total score, which ranges from 0-100 points (higher scores indicate less shoulder pain, better shoulder function, and greater shoulder satisfaction) and has a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 10.0.

62.7% of patients experienced improvement in overall physical health with a median absolute improvement of 6.6 points. Physical health was measured by the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey² (VR-12), which is a norm-based scale where 50 represents the mean score of a nonpatient control group and every 10 units represents 1 standard deviation from the mean. The MCID is estimated at 5.0.

Change in PROM: Pre-op to 1 Year Post-op

The box plot illustrates patients' one-year outcomes with respect to two separate PROMs: a total shoulder score that encompasses pain, function, and satisfaction; and overall physical health. Here, "improvement" means that the change in score from pre-op to post-op exceeds the MCID for a PROM and is represented by the shaded region around the horizontal axis. The center horizontal line of each box represents the median change in PROM score, while the boxed regions above and below the center line represent the middle 50% of patients. Error bars represent 95% of patients and circular bubbles represent outliers.

  1. Leggin BG, Michener LA, Shaffer MA, Brenneman SK, Iannotti JP, Williams GR Jr. The Penn shoulder score: reliability and validity. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Mar;36(3):138-51. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.36.3.138.
  2. Kazis LE, Miller DR, Skinner KM, Lee A, Ren XS, Clark JA, Rogers WH, Spiro A 3rd, Selim A, Linzer M, Payne SM, Mansell D, Fincke RG. Patient-reported measures of health: The Veterans Health Study. J Ambul Care Manage. 2004 Jan-Mar;27(1):70-83.