Interproximal Reduction

What is interproximal reduction (IPR)?

Interproximal reduction (IPR) is a procedure that removes small amounts of enamel between your teeth. Dentists use it to create more space in your mouth before placing clear aligners, braces or other orthodontic treatments. Other names for IPR include interproximal stripping and teeth slenderizing.

If you have crowded, oversized or overlapped teeth, IPR is a minimally invasive procedure that can make a big difference in your smile. One 2022 study found that out of 500 people undergoing Invisalign® treatment, 71% needed interproximal reduction. But not everyone needs it. If you have enough room in your mouth to move teeth around, it’s probably not necessary.

How should I prepare for interproximal reduction?

You won’t need to do much to prepare for IPR. But if you have questions or concerns about the procedure, it’s a good idea to discuss them with your dentist beforehand.

Make sure you practice good oral hygiene, too. Daily brushing and flossing can reduce your risk of infection.

What happens during interproximal reduction?

The main goal of interproximal reduction is to create tiny spaces between your teeth. This allows for better alignment during orthodontic treatment.

During interproximal reduction, your dentist uses specialized instruments to remove small amounts of enamel between your teeth. To do this, they might use a thin, flexible sanding strip or a rotating hand instrument.

Your dentist will remove as little enamel as possible — usually no more than a half-millimeter on each tooth. In fact, you may not even notice visible changes in your smile after IPR.

Does it hurt?

There are no nerves in your tooth enamel, so interproximal reduction shouldn’t hurt. Most people don’t even need local anesthesia. You might feel slight vibrations from the rotating instrument. But you shouldn’t have pain. If you do, tell your dentist right away.

How long does interproximal reduction take?

IPR typically takes only a few minutes to complete. Depending on your situation, you might have one session or several sessions spread out over weeks or months.

Your dentist can tell you what to expect in your situation.

What happens after interproximal reduction?

You might have slight teeth sensitivity after IPR. But this side effect should go away in a few days.

Your dentist will let you know how IPR fits into your treatment plan. You might get braces or clear aligners the same day. Or you might get them a few weeks down the road.

Everyone is unique, so treatment varies from person to person. Your dentist is the best person to tell you what to expect in terms of your personalized plan.

What are the benefits of interproximal reduction?

IPR is a conservative treatment with significant long-term benefits.

Interproximal reduction:

• Creates more space in your mouth in preparation for orthodontic treatment
• Enhances the shape of your teeth and gives them a more uniform appearance
• Improves your occlusion (bite)
• Is minimally invasive compared to other treatments (like tooth extractions)

How successful is it?

IPR is usually successful when done by a skilled and licensed dental professional. To ensure the best possible results, practice good oral hygiene and see your dentist for all follow-up visits.

What are the risks or complications?

Interproximal reduction is a permanent and irreversible procedure. The main risk of IPR is removing too much enamel. When this happens, it can make your teeth weaker and more vulnerable to damage.

In addition, you should never try tooth shaving on your own. Seeing a trusted dental professional is the best way to avoid these types of mishaps.

What is the recovery time?

Interproximal reduction doesn’t require any downtime. Your teeth might be sensitive to heat and cold for a few days. But you shouldn’t have side effects that keep you from normal daily routines.

When should I call my healthcare provider?

Tell your dentist or orthodontist if you develop pain, excessive bleeding or signs of infection like fever.

If you’re unsure about something, it’s always best to call your dentist. They can answer your questions and address any concerns.

Are there alternatives to interproximal reduction?

Some people don’t have a lot of tooth enamel to begin with. In these cases, IPR isn’t a good option. Others simply may not like the idea of permanently removing enamel from their teeth.

The only alternative to IPR — besides doing nothing — is tooth extractions. Between the two procedures, IPR is the least invasive.