Managing Ulcerative Colitis Flare-Ups

What to eat

Trigger foods are different for everyone with ulcerative colitis (UC). But in general, lots of fiber can irritate your colon if you have this condition. And it often makes diarrhea worse.

Try to avoid high-fiber foods during a flare-up. Low-fiber options include soft fruits, cooked vegetables, white rice, fish and eggs. A registered dietitian can help you create meal plans that are gentle on your colon.

Large meals can be hard on your digestive system during a flare-up. Aim to eat smaller meals. But don’t skip out on food entirely. It’s important to fuel your body during this time — even if you don’t feel like eating.

What to drink

Frequent trips to the bathroom can empty your body of the fluids and electrolytes it needs. Drink plenty of water and other electrolyte-balanced fluids, like sports drinks.

Avoid alcohol, which can make diarrhea and dehydration worse. Try to avoid sweetened sodas and drinks with caffeine, as well. They can irritate diarrhea.

Make a care kit

Consider carrying a kit with spare underwear, clothes, toilet paper, wipes and anything else you may need. That way, you can handle any accidents when a flare-up hits.

As you plan your day, map out where the bathrooms are in case you need to use one ASAP.

Friends and family can be part of your care kit, too. It may help to have someone you can call on when you need support.

Keep a symptom journal

Record your symptoms during a flare-up, along with possible triggers. This information can help you prevent future flares. It can also help you and your healthcare provider figure out treatment plans.

When to get emergency care

Sometimes, no matter what you do, you may need to go to a hospital during a UC flare-up. Call your healthcare provider immediately if you have:

• Heavy, persistent diarrhea
• Rectal bleeding with clots of blood in your poop
• Constant pain and a high fever

They’ll help determine whether you need hospital care or can manage symptoms at home.

Next steps

Stay in contact with your healthcare provider during and after a flare-up. Most people with UC can reach and maintain remission by avoiding triggers and taking medication to prevent inflammation. But in some cases, that may not be enough. There are other options, like surgery. Together, you and your provider can come up with a plan that works best for you.

Mental health support can be part of your care, too. A therapist can help you cope with the mental and emotional aspects of the disease. This can be an important step in boosting your quality of life and managing symptoms.