A Pap smear is a test used to look for changes in the cells of the cervix that show cervical cancer or conditions that may develop into cancer.
All women who are or who have been sexually active, or who have reached the age of 21, should have an annual Pap smear. It is your best tool to detect pre-cancerous conditions and hidden, small tumors that may lead to cervical cancer. If detected early, cervical cancer can be cured.
Do I still need a pap smear now that I am menopausal?
Even if you are menopausal or postmenopausal, you should continue to have a periodical Pap smear. The risk of cancer of the cervix (the lower, narrow part of the uterus or womb) increases with exposure to HPV (human papilloma virus).
How often should I get a pap smear now that I am menopausal?
Many health care providers tell women to get a Pap smear every year. However, new guidelines support a Pap smear every 3 years after you have had a normal Pap smear and a negative HPV DNA test. Some women who have a higher risk of cancer may need a Pap smear more often. Your doctor can recommend what is best for you.
Do I need to get pap smears if I have had a hysterectomy?
Pap smears may be discontinued after a hysterectomy, unless the surgery was performed for cervical pre-invasive or invasive cancer or other uterine cancers, or if you are considered to be at high risk; for example, if you are HIV positive (carry the virus that causes AIDS), carry the human papillomavirus (HPV, a virus that can cause cervical cancer), are a smoker or have had more than 3 sexual partners. In these situations, Pap smears should be continued as determined by your doctor.
What symptoms should I watch for between pap smears?
Pre-cancerous conditions of the cervix seldom cause symptoms. For problems to be detected, a pelvic examination and a Pap smear are usually required.
When cancer is present in the cervix, the most common symptom is abnormal bleeding. Bleeding may start and stop between regular menstrual periods, or it may occur after sexual intercourse or douching. Abnormal vaginal discharge is another symptom. Pain is NOT an early warning sign of the disease. These symptoms are not sure signs of cancer; but, be sure to see your doctor if any of these symptoms last longer than 2 weeks.
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This information is provided by the Cleveland Clinic and is not intended to replace the medical advice of your doctor or health care provider. Please consult your health care provider for advice about a specific medical condition. This document was last reviewed on: 12/6/2006...#11273
