The Anesthesiology Institute has 11 clinical departments and more than 15 subspecialized sections. Clinical activities include providing anesthesia, critical care and pain management to Cleveland Clinic's main campus and six hospitals, three outpatient surgical centers in the Cleveland Clinic Health System and 21 Pain Management Centers. These clinical activities exceed 160,000 anesthesia procedures, more than 44,000 critical care days, and, at Cleveland Clinic's Pain Management Centers, more than 106,000 patient visits and 35,000 procedures annually.

The institute takes a leadership stand in promoting and encouraging subspecialty in anesthesiology.

• The institute has one of the largest residency training programs in the country and accepts about 30 new residents annually. Cleveland Clinic has subspecialized anesthesiology fellowships in cardiac, vascular, transplant, obstetrics, pain, pediatrics, neuroanesthesiology, critical care and outpatient and advanced anesthesiology training.
• The Department of Outcomes Research is the world's largest single-site clinical anesthesia research organization. The Department has 50 members and typically keeps 70 studies in progress. On average, it publishes a full paper every week.
• The Center for Anesthesiology Education organizes and coordinates about six postgraduate courses annually and one cooperative meeting in China in alternate years.
• The Center for Anesthesia Education courses are usually rated in the top three of all courses offered at Cleveland Clinic.
• The Center for Anesthesia Education sponsors or co-sponsors a four-week, mandatory education block in the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine advanced years in perioperative medicine (pre-operative, operative, pain therapy and critical care).
• Largest cardiac service in the world and rated #1 by U.S.News & World Reports since 1995.
• The institute has more use of transesophageal echo for cardiac procedures to guide minimally invasive (percutaneous) valve replacement procedures in the world.
• Members of the institute are active both nationally and internationally in founding and running several societies. They are represented on more than 20 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) committees and have leadership positions in numerous anesthesia sub-specialty societies.
• The institute jointly maintains a School of Nurse Anesthesia which graduates about 12 certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNA)s annually.
• The institute maintains jointly a school of respiratory therapy and provides respiratory therapy for more than 60,000 patient treatments each year.
• The section of Clinical Engineering and Information Services is in charge of selection and buying all anesthesia capital equipment and also maintains all Institute equipment.
• The research activity in the Section of Clinical Engineering and Information Services and in the institute has resulted in the issuance of more than 20 U.S. patents. Other developments include; closed loop systems for the automated control of blood pressure and blood glucose levels, a unique patient transport system. A preoperative clinic system that risk-adjusts patient comorbidities to allow outcome evaluation for all diagnosis-related groups (DRG)s and current procedural terminology (CPT).
• The Information Services Group provides support to routine activities such as billing and scheduling as well as special projects involving documentation, databases and daily support activities.