Multiple Myeloma Research Center
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
What are some other names for this medication?
Cytoxan and Neosar are two brand names for cyclophosphamide. It may also be called CTX.
How is it given?
Cyclophosphamide can be taken by mouth (orally) or injected directly into your vein through an IV (intravenously).
What are some side effects I might experience?
EARLY SIDE EFFECTS (May occur within one week after treatment)
- Dizziness or nasal stuffiness while you are receiving the medication
- Nausea and vomiting
- Burning, painful feeling when urinating
- Blood in the urine
- Loss of appetite
- Change of taste
LATE SIDE EFFECTS (May occur within two weeks after treatment)
- Temporary decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets which could increase your risk for infection or bleeding, or increase the need for blood transfusions
- Mouth sores
- Temporary thinning of scalp and body hair
- Sensitivity to the sun
- Sterility in males and females
Please note: The side effects listed are the most common. All possible side effects are not included. Always contact your doctor if you have questions about your personal situation.
What are some precautions and recommendations I should know when taking this medication?
- Do not take aspirin or products containing aspirin unless your doctor prescribes them. These medications are often referred to as blood thinning pills. You may take acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) instead to relieve pain.
- Take anti-nausea medications only as prescribed by your doctor. Ask your doctor which over-the-counter medications you can take.
- Avoid sun exposure. To avoid sunburn, wear sun block that has a rating of SPF 15 or higher and wear protective clothing.
- Drink plenty of fluids (2 liters every 24 hours) to prevent bladder irritation.
- Urinate frequently — do not hold urine.
- If you can, avoid people with infections (because the risk of infection is higher when your blood count is low). Your doctor may also ask you to avoid eating fresh fruits and vegetables.
- Do not have any vaccinations without your doctor’s approval.
When should I call my doctor?
Call your doctor if you:
- Have a fever of 100°F (38°C) or higher.
- (Call your doctor right away, day or night.)
- Are unable to eat or drink for 24 hours.
- Are extremely tired.
- Have difficulty breathing.
- Have any unusual bleeding or bruising.
- Have black, tarry stools.
- Have blood in your urine, are urinating frequently or have painful urination.
- Have any other unusual symptoms.
- Have any questions or concerns.
This information is not intended to replace the medical advice of your doctor or health care provider. Please consult your health care provider for advice about a specific medical condition.
